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Acne is a serious problem, no one can say with certainty that this trouble will never affect him. Even people with good skin, at least sometimes, for example, during puberty, experience acne (acne). The possible consequences bring even more trouble - scars (post-acne) left after acne, quite often forever. And this can happen if you neglect the ability to combat acne.
Causes of Acne
Acne is most often a teenage problem. Physiology is to blame. In youth, hormones play, the body changes. In some, this process is painless and goes unnoticed. Others, as a result, have external changes on their faces. There are third reasons for which age does not matter, and their result is acne:
- failure of the sebaceous glands;
- excess sex hormones;
- skin inflammation;
- gradual thickening of the keratinized layers of the skin;
- violation of the gastrointestinal tract.
Before taking any steps to combat acne, you should find out the cause of their occurrence. It is at this stage that the body decides whether to leave a post-acne memory or to please a clean face.
Independent inept removal of acne and acne threatens inflammation and deformation of the skin. Timely intervention of a specialist will help get rid of the problem and prevent the appearance of scars.
The appearance of traces after acne
The severity of skin defects after acne depends on the age at which the problem arose. In youth, skin regeneration is faster, especially if you seek professional treatment on time. When the disease proceeds for a long time without special help, changes in the structure of the skin of various types occur:
- pore enlargement;
- pigmentation and staining;
- various types of scars;
- capillary expansion;
- uneven skin texture.
Pigmentation on the skin, unlike scars, is a consequence of damage to the epidermal layer. So, traces of this kind can remain when the problem was left to chance, or - even worse - acne was squeezed out. Thus, you can not only leave scars, but also cause an infection that can lead to complete damage to the skin of the face and neck.
After-acne marks appear in areas of greatest damage to the skin, and when the repair process is disrupted, scars remain. In case of untimely treatment or lack thereof, they can “decorate” a person all their lives. The most common complications after acne are enlarged pores, scars, and dyschromia (discoloration of the affected areas).
How to remove acne marks
The main and most effective methods are cosmetic procedures.
Pore enlargement
This type of post-acne develops when sebum accumulates in hair follicles mixed with various external pollutants, as well as cosmetics. Pore enlargement by cosmetic procedures is corrected with the help of drugs aimed at reducing the activity of the sebaceous glands, for example, retinol (retinoic acid). The treatment process is quite long, the therapeutic effect occurs only after a few months.
The elimination of skin defects that arose at the site of enlarged pores is facilitated by the action of acids: tartaric, glycolic, and lactic. After procedures using these drugs, the stratum corneum becomes thinner, and clogging of the follicles is reduced.You can use products with fruit and salicylic acids on your own. After about three months of daily rubbing, the result will be noticeable - a significant narrowing of the pores of the skin. At the same time, it is worth giving preference to natural fruit acids, as an option that is more gentle and does not provoke irritations. To avoid getting used to it, after four months you need to take a break for six to eight weeks, then start the next course.
The next method is a chemical peeling with an acid content, applied once every ten days. After the course of treatment, a break for two to three weeks is required, after which peeling can be continued. A positive effect will manifest itself after two months.
Dyschromia
The result of unskilled removal of nodes, papules, cysts and other mechanical effects on the skin is cyanosis. This result can occur after opening the inflamed focus. Scars and spots are more pronounced during the cold season. Special treatment is the most effective way to get rid of acne marks.
The procedures are based on the use of ichthyol, menthol, camphor, nicotinic acid and isopropyl alcohol, which narrow the skin capillaries, give it elasticity and inhibit inflammatory processes. Anti-inflammatory and vasodilator drugs are combined with chemical peels, and in combination they improve the appearance of the skin, restore its protective functions.
Scarring
Skin defects in the form of scars can be treated with great difficulty, it is almost impossible to completely get rid of them, respectively, the main goal of treatment is to minimize the appearance of scars, to make the affected areas less visible against the rest of the skin. Methods are selected strictly individually, taking into account possible contraindications: exacerbation of the inflammatory process, the development of acne at the active stage (ongoing at the moment), other skin diseases.
In cosmetology, injections with hyaluronic acid, microcurrent or ultrasound therapy, external effects on the skin with masks that deeply nourish it and saturate it with collagen, various biological active components and mucopolysaccharides are used with great success. The described above will help prevent the appearance of scars, but to reduce scars or get rid of them (if they are small and appeared only recently), more radical methods are used that require the use of complex techniques and compositions: radiosurgical resurfacing, acid peels, chemical peels (deep dermabrasion). In addition, large chronic scars can be filled with fillers with hyaluronic acid and collagen, and smaller ones can be smoothed out with electrocoagulation and cryodestruction.
In the same case, a laser can be used. A similar procedure is not cheap, but the effect of it is faster and more effective. After the first procedure, some, not too deep, scars become less noticeable, since the production of collagen is stimulated by the laser therapy process. But if you decide to turn to this procedure, find a trusted beautician with experience, since every careless movement is a risk that new scars, inflammations and burns “bloom” in place of old scars.
Pigmentation disorders
Pigmentation disorders can occur in two forms - pigmented (dark) spots appear on the skin or depigmentation develops (brightened areas form). In the first case, treatment involves taking medications that slow down the synthesis of melanin, a natural dark pigment responsible for skin color. These include kojic, ascorbic, retinoic acid, as well as arbutin, zinc, copper, iron. Combining medication with peels with fruit, glycolic, salicylic, resorcinic and lactic acids is very effective.
Depigmented spots require a reverse approach - funds are applied to the skin near the affected areas to lighten it, thereby evening out the overall tone. Often, skin depigmentation develops again, and then it will be necessary to select a new, stronger and more effective treatment.
Home Remedies for Post-Acne
Independently, without resorting to the recommendations of experts, removing scars and traces of blackheads is difficult, but real. To do this, you will have to be patient and, above all, strengthen the nervous system, since the process of combating post-acne will be long and exhausting. In addition, there is no 100% guarantee of the result, everything here depends only on the condition of the skin and the degree of its damage.
- Massages using olive oil. Firstly, it improves blood circulation, and secondly, the oil moisturizes the skin and stimulates the production of collagen.
- Rubbing with lemon juice. Do not spare citrus fruits, wipe your face with a slice of lemon two to three times a day, because fruit acid is even included in peeling to remove post-acne.
- Ice wiping. Everything is the same as with a lemon, but be careful in the region of the maxillary sinuses, as a mild cold can turn into chronic sinusitis.
- Honey and egg masks. And to increase effectiveness and accelerate the effect, you can add lemon juice to the composition (for example, beat egg white, mix it with juice and apply to the skin for a quarter of an hour).
- Scrubs and peels. It is not necessary to buy them in cosmetic stores, professional products can replace salt or ground coffee grains.
In addition to any procedures that affect the skin from the outside or penetrate the surface layers of the dermis, medications are also prescribed, and complex treatment will make the skin more elastic, reduce the appearance of post-acne, and at the same time prevent the appearance of new scars or spots.
Video: how to get rid of acne marks
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